smeh

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Laughter. Source

Translation: laughter, laugh

It is said that smeh je pol zdravja (laughter is the best medicine). When was the last time you laughed your head off? If you can’t remember, it was too long ago.

Examples:

Ulico je napolnil glasen smeh otrok.
(A loud children’s laughter filled the street.)

Na obrazu mu je zasijal nasmeh.
(A smile shined on his face.)

Marta je vedno nasmejana.
(Marta is always smiling.)

Zakaj se smeješ?
(Why are you laughing?)

Expressions:

valjati se od smeha
(to laugh your head off; lit. to roll oneself on the floor from laughter)

planiti v smeh/bruhniti v smeh
(to burst into laughter; note: both planiti and bruhniti in this context mean “to burst”. Bruhniti has another meaning: to suddenly vomit.)

spraviti koga v smeh
(to make somebody laugh)

Related:

smejati se – to laugh
zasmejati se – to burst out laughing
smehljaj – smile
nasmeh – smile
smešen – funny
vic – a joke

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.

torta

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A piece of cake! Source

Translation: cake

Common types of cakes are:

čokoladna torta – chocolate cake
sadna torta – fruit cake
poročna torta – wedding cake
torta za rojstni dan – birthday cake

Examples:

Kakšno torto želiš za rojstni dan?
(What kind of cake do you want for your birthday?)

To je najboljša torta, kar sem jih jedel!
(This is the the best cake I have ever eaten!)

Dober dan. Rad bi dva koščka torte.
(Hello. I would like two pieces of cake.)

Ti okrasi torto, medtem ko jaz pomijem posodo.
(You decorate the cake while I do the dishes.)

Expressions:

češnja na vrhu torte
(cherry on top)

Related:

testo – dough
preliv – icing (also dressing, topping)
slaščičarna – sweet shop

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.

poezija

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Translation: poetry

A poem translates to pesem, which also means a song in Slovenian. For this week, I prepared two famous poems written by Tone Pavček. Given the purpose of this blog, I translated them quite literally. A proper translation would require a bit of playing with words–as it is with every good poetry.

(Without a title)

Na svetu si, da gledaš sonce,
na svetu si, da greš za soncem,
na svetu si, da sam si sonce
in da s sveta odganjaš – sence.

(You are in the world, to watch the sun
you are in the world, to follow the sun
you are in the world, to be the sun
and to repel from the world – the shadows.)

Pesem o zvezdah (Song about stars)

Vsak človek je zase svet,
čuden, svetal in lep
kot zvezda na nebu…

Vsak tiho zori,
počasi in z leti,
a kamor že greš, vse poti
je treba na novo začeti.

Tako živimo ljudje.
Vsak zase krmari k pogrebu.
Svetloba samo
nas druži kot zvezde na nebu.

A včasih so daleč poti,
da roka v roko ne seže,
a včasih preblizu so si,
da z nohti lahko
srce kdo doseže…

Od tega menda
človek umre,
od tega z neba
se zvezda ospe.

( Every man is a world in themself,
strange, bright, and beautiful
like a star in the sky…

Each one quietly matures,
slowly and with years,
but wherever you go, all paths
need to be started anew.

That is how we people live,
each one steers themself to a funeral.
Light only
connects us like the stars in the sky.

But sometimes the paths are far,
that a hand does not reach a hand,
but sometimes they are too close,
that with nails
a heart anyone reaches.

From that supposedly
a man dies,
from that from the sky
a star falls.)

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.

planet

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Planets of the Solar system. Source

Translation: planet

Planet is spelled the same but pronounced differently than in English.
The word planet can describe either a planet or the planet, the latter
referring to Earth. The planets of the Solar system are:

Merkur – Mercury
Venera – Venus
Zemlja – Earth
Mars – Mars
Jupiter – Jupiter
Saturn – Saturn
Uran – Uranus
Neptun – Neptune

Examples:

Planeti krožijo okoli Sonca.
(Planets orbit (lit. circle) the Sun.)

Poglejte! Ta mala pika je planet Zemlja.
(Look! This small dot is planet Earth.)

Naš planet je prenaseljen.
(Our planet is overpopulated.)

Mars, Rdeči planet.
(Mars, the Red planet.)

Related:

Osončje – Solar system
Sonce – Sun
Luna – Moon
luna – moon
komet – comet
asteroid – asteroid

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.

stati

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To stand and withstand! Source

Translation: to stand, to cost

Let us look at a verb today for a change. Stati is the infinite form; it changes depending on the subject to which it applies and to the tense. Anna in Slovenia has a nice explanation of how to handle the verbs. This one is used in versatile ways. Especially the “stand” meaning is used figuratively in many different circumstances.

Examples:

Koliko stane krilo?
(How much does the skirt cost?)

Kava stane en evro.
(Coffee costs one euro.)

Počitnice so nas stale pet tisoč evrov.
(Holidays cost us (past tense) five thousand euros.)

Stojimo v vrsti.
(We stand in line.)

Telovadec stoji na glavi.
(The gymnast stands on his head.)

Stojim za svojimi besedami!
(I stand by my words!)

Testo naj pol ure stoji, preden gre v pečico.
(Let the dough rest for half an hour, before it goes into an oven.)

Expressions:

naj stane, kar hoče
(at any price, at all cost; lit. let (it) cost, whatever (it) wants)

stati do kolen v dreku
(to be in a very uncomfortable and complicated position; lit. to stand in shit up to knees)

stati kot pribit
(to be immobile; lit. to stand as if being nailed)

stati križem rok
(to be lazy; lit. to stand cross-armed)

Related:

sedeti – to be seated / to sit
sesti – to sit down
stanje – condition, state

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.

pekarna

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I guess bakery could be called “house of bread”… Source

Translation: bakery

A few common items you will undoubtedly encounter in a Slovenian bakery:

kruh – bread
žemlja – bread roll
francoski rogljiček – croissant
francoska štruca – baguette
hlebec / štruca kruha – a loaf of bread

Examples:

Pek peče kruh.
(A baker is baking bread.)

Iz pekarne je zadišalo po svežem kruhu.
(A smell of fresh bread came out of the bakery.)

V supermarketu je zmanjkalo kruha. Grem v pekarno.
(The supermarket ran out of bread. I’m going to the bakery.)

Kakšen kruh želite? Koruznega, belega ali rženega?
(What kind of bread do you wish? Corn, white, or rye bread?)

Samo eno žemljo imaš za kosilo? Misliš, da imaš dovolj?
(You have only one bread roll for lunch? Do you think that you have enough?)

Related:

peči – to bake
pek – baker

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.

tek

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A useful phrase. Source

Translation: run/running, appetite

Another slightly more subtle meaning of tek is to imply moving in time (see examples).

Examples:

Dober tek!
(Bon appetit!)

Tako sem zaljubljen… Izgubil sem tek.
(I’m so in love… I lost my appetite.)

Vsak dan tečem. Tek je res odlična rekreacija.
(I run every day. Running is really an excellent recreation/exercise.)

Projekt mora bit končan v teku enega leta.
(The project has to be finished in the course of one year.)

Preiskava je v teku.
(The investigation is underway.)

Expressions:

imeti voljči tek
(to be very hungry; lit. to have a wolf’s appetite; you can also use it as biti lačen kot volk, which translates “to be hungry as a wolf”)

Related:

šprint – sprint
maraton – marathon
tek na smučeh – cross-country skiing (lit. running on skies)
tekma – a game match / competition
dobrodelni tek – charity run

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.

Petrol

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Petrol is the biggest Slovenian petrol company. This post is not meant as an endorsement of the company, though it is quite an important name to pay attention to. For example, when a Slovenian says “Grem na Petrol.”, they mean “I’m going to the gas station.” The company name became a synonym for a gas station.

The real reason for today’s post is actually a fun one. It turns out that in Slovenian you can write not only full sentences but even a short story in which every single word starts with a letter “p”. Petrol made a fun advertisement decades ago based on that quality. Watch it here:

Here is a sentence by sentence translation. Can you twist your language in the same way?

Translation:

Prelestno pokrajino preveva pomlad.
(A delightful countryside is permeated by spring.)

Petra pa Primož, pravkar poročena, potujeta po prašni poti. Potem pa: PUF PUF
(Petra and Primož, just married, travel on a dusty road. And then: PUF PUF)

Primož: »Presneto!« Prelepo potovanje postane problem.
(Primož: “Damn!” The beautiful journey becomes a problem.)

Prepotena, prašna, prestradana, prrririneta pred Petrolovo postojanko. Poskočen prodajalec ponudi pomoč.
(Sweaty, dusty, starving, they push (themselves and the car) in front of the Petrol post. A jumpy salesman offers help.)

»Pozdravljena, potrebujeta pomoč?«
(Welcome, do you need help?)

Parčku pa predlaga pogledati po prodajalni.
(And he suggests the couple to look about the store.)

Povsod polne prodajne police.
(Filled shelves everywhere.)

»Popravljeno!«
(Fixed!)

Primož: »Perfektno, poba!«
(Primož: “Perfect, man!”)

Poljubi Petro, potem pa požene plehnato pošast.
(He kisses Petra, and then ignites the scrap monster.)

Prijaznost, preglednost, pestrost.
(Kindness, clarity, versatility.)

Podoba popolne ponudbe!
(A picture of a perfect offer.)

prestolnica

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Green capital. Source

Translation: capital (as: the city with the seat of government)

It is also common to say glavno mesto (main city) instead of prestolnica. Prestolnica can further be used to describe a center of a certain activity (eg. prestolnica kulture – cultural capital).

Examples:

Ljubljana je glavno mesto Slovenije.
(Ljubljana is the capital of Slovenia.)

Lani je Luka obiskal skoraj vse evropske prestolnice.
(Last year Luka visited almost all European capitals.)

Maribor je bil leta 2012 razglašen za evropsko prestolnico kulture.
(In 2012, Maribor was pronounced the European capital of culture.)

Related:

prestol – throne

Extra:

Here is a very short list of capitals (and countries) in Slovenian. You will recognize most, but some names are… different.

Ljubljana (Slovenija) – Ljubljana (Slovenia)
Dunaj (Avstrija) – Vienna (Austria)
Rim (Italija) – Rome (Italy)
Budimpešta (Madžarska) – Budapest (Hungary)
Berlin (Nemčija) – Berlin (Germany)
Pariz (Francija) – Paris (France)
London (Združeno kraljestvo) – London (United Kingdom)

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.

knjiga

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A well-known Slovenian publisher. Source

Translation: book

Various examples/phrases, where knjiga plays the central role:

mladinska knjiga – young adult book
spominska knjiga – memorial book
žalna knjiga – condolence book
matična knjiga – register
zemljiška knjiga – land register
šolska knjiga – school book
e-knjiga – e-book

Examples:

Knjiga ima dvesto strani.
(The book has two hundred pages.)

Vsak teden preberem vsaj eno knjigo.
(Each week I read at least one book.)

Všeč so mi knjige s trdimi platnicami.
(I like hardcover books.)

Pisateljica se je z novinarjem pogovarjala o svoji novi knjigi.
(The writer talked with the journalist about her new book.)

Gospodar prstanov je roman v treh knjigah.
(Lord of the rings is a novel in three volumes.)

Kaj misliš o e-knjigah?
(What’s your opinion of e-books?)

Expressions:

biti kot odprta knjiga
(to be an open book)

Njen sin je zelo družaben. Je kot odprta knjiga.
(Her son is very sociable. He is an open book.)

požirati knjige
(to read books in a fast succession)

Tako pameten je, ker cele dneve požira knjige.
(He is so smart because he reads books all the time.)

Related:

knjigarna – bookstore
knjižnica – library
bralec / bralka – reader (masculine / feminine)
pisatelj / pisateljica – writer (masculine / feminine)
pesnik / pesnica – poet (masculine / feminine)
knjigožer – bookworm

Listen to the pronunciation of Slovenian words and phrases.